Iran’s legal case for striking the Gulf collapses under scrutiny Claims of self-defence cannot justify missile attacks on neighbouring states that were not party to the conflict. The Gulf states have spent years trying to broker peace between Iran and the West: Qatar brokered nuclear talks, Oman provided back-channel diplomacy, and Saudi Arabia maintained direct dialogue with Iran through 2024 and into 2025. Iran attacked them anyway. The idea that the Gulf states have a responsibility, a moral one, to protect Iran from the consequences of its actions because of good neighbourliness is now gro

Iran’s legal case for striking the Gulf collapses under scrutiny Claims of self-defence cannot justify missile attacks on neighbouring states that were not party to the conflict. The Gulf states have spent years trying to broker peace between Iran and the West: Qatar brokered nuclear talks, Oman provided back-channel diplomacy, and Saudi Arabia maintained direct dialogue with Iran through 2024 and into 2025. Iran attacked them anyway. The idea that the Gulf states have a responsibility, a moral one, to protect Iran from the consequences of its actions because of good neighbourliness is now gro